Voorbeeld

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Verbs
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The tenses
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28-12-2011
M. Dewandel
Table of contents :
The Present Simple .................................................................................................................................. 3
The Present Continuous .......................................................................................................................... 4
The Past Simple ....................................................................................................................................... 5
The Past Continuous................................................................................................................................ 6
The Present Perfect ................................................................................................................................. 7
The Present Perfect Continuous.............................................................................................................. 8
The Past Perfect....................................................................................................................................... 9
The Past Perfect Continuous ................................................................................................................. 10
The Future Simple ................................................................................................................................. 11
The Future Continuous .......................................................................................................................... 12
The Future Perfect Continuous ............................................................................................................. 13
The Present Simple
Voorbeeld :
I walk to school every day.
Vergelijking Nederlands :
Ik loop.
Gebruik :
-
Iets gebeurt altijd, nooit of regelmatig in de tegenwoordige tijd.
I walk to school every day.
Iets is een feit, een gewoonte, een hobby.
Dogs like bones.
Drukt toekomst uit als het gaat om schema’s, roosters en tijdsplanningen.
The train arrives at three o’clock this afternoon.
Vorm :
+
enkelv.
meerv.
I
you
he/she/it
we
you
they
I walk
you walk
he/she/it walks
we walk
you walk
they walk
I don't walk
you don't walk
he/she/it doesn't walk
we don't walk
you don't walk
they don't walk
?
Do I walk?
Do you walk?
Does he/she/ it walk?
Do we walk?
Do you walk?
Do they walk?
 Bij ontkenningen en vragen : na do, don’t, does of doesn’t : altijd het hele werkwoord.
The Present Continuous
Voorbeeld :
I am walking to school right now.
Vergelijking Nederlands :
Ik ben aan het lopen.
Gebruik :
-
Iets is op dit moment aan de gang.
I am walking to school right now.
Om een voornemen in de toekomst aan te geven.
I am taking the nine o’clock train tomorrow.
Vorm :
enkelv.
meerv.
I
you
he/she/it
we
you
they
+
I am walking
you are walking
he/she/it is walking
we are walking
you are walking
they are walking
I am not walking
you are not walking
he/she/it is not walking
we are not walking
you are not walking
they are not walking
?
Am I walking?
Are you walking?
Is he/she/it walking?
Are we walking?
Are you walking?
Are they walking?
 Vorm van ‘to be’ met daarna een INGvorm.
 Je kunt uiteraard ook steeds de kortere vormen gebruiken : I’m, you’re, you aren’t, he isn’t,
…
The Past Simple
Voorbeeld :
I walked to school yesterday.
Vergelijking Nederlands :
Ik liep.
Gebruik :
-
Iets is in het verleden gebeurd en is nu helemaal voorbij.
I walked to school yesterday.
Heel vaak met een duidelijke tijdsbepaling in het verleden.
Yesterday, last week, three years ago,…
Vorm :
enkelv.
meerv.
I
you
he/she/it
we
you
they
+
I walked
you walked
he/she/it walked
we walked
you walked
they walked
I didn't walk
you didn't walk
he/she/it didn't walk
we didn't walk
you didn't walk
they didn't walk
?
Did I walk?
Did you walk?
Did he/she/it walk?
Did we walk?
Did you walk?
Did they walk?
 Bevestigende zinnen : Past Simple regelmatige werkwoorden : hele werkwoord + ED
 Bevestigende zinnen :Past Simple onregelmatige werkwoorden : eigen vorm : 2e kolom
 Na ‘did’ of ‘didn’t’ altijd het hele werkwoord!
The Past Continuous
Voorbeeld :
I was walking to school when I saw a little dog.
Vergelijking Nederlands :
Ik was aan het lopen.
Gebruik :
-
Iets was op een tijd in het verleden aan de gang, bezig. Je was met iets bezig.
Vorm :
enkelv.
meerv.
I
you
he/she/it
we
you
they
+
I was walking
you were walking
he/she/it was walking
we were walking
you were walking
they were walking
I was not walking
you were not walking
he/she/it was not walking
we were not walking
you were not walking
they were not walking
?
Was I walking?
Were you walking?
Was he/she/it walking?
Were we walking?
Were you walking?
Were they walking?
 Was / were + INGvorm
 Ook hier kun je bij de ontkenningen de kortere vormen gebruiken : wasn’t, weren’t
The Present Perfect
Voorbeeld :
I have washed the car, it is clean now.
Vergelijking Nederlands :
Ik heb de auto gewassen.
Gebruik :
-
-
Iets is in het verleden gebeurd, maar het is niet belangrijk wanneer (geen tijdsbepaling).
I have washed the car. (de auto is nu gewassen, maar we weten niet wanneer dat
wassen plaatsvond).
Iets is in het verleden begonnen en duurt nog steeds verder.
I have lived here since August.
Signaalwoorden : Als je één van deze woorden in een zin ziet, gebruik je altijd Present
Perfect: already, yet, just, never, ever, already, for…, since …, so far, how long?
Vorm :
enkelv.
meerv.




I
you
he/she/it
we
you
they
+
I have walked
you have walked
he/she/it has walked
we have walked
you have walked
they have walked
I have not walked
you have not walked
he/she/it has not walked
we have not walked
you have not walked
they have not walked
?
Have I walked?
Have you walked?
Has he/she/it walked?
Have we walked?
Have you walked?
Have they walked?
Have / has + voltooid deelwoord.
Voltooid deelwoord : regelmatige werkwoorden : hele werkwoord + ED
Voltooid deelwoord : onregelmatige werkwoorden : 3e kolom.
Je kunt bij de ontkenningen ook de kortere vormen gebruiken : haven’t, hasn’t
The Present Perfect Continuous
Voorbeeld :
I have been cleaning my room for 3 hours!
Vergelijking Nederlands :
Ik ben aan het schoonmaken geweest.
Gebruik :
-
Bij een handeling die in het verleden begonnen is en nog steeds verder duurt. Je benadrukt
de duur!
I have been cleaning my room for 3 hours!
Vorm :
enkelv. I
you
he/she/it
meerv. we
you
they
+
I have been walking
you have been walking
he/she/it has been walking
we have been walking
you have been walking
they have been walking
 Have/has + BEEN + INGvorm
I have not been walking
you have not been walking
he/she/it has not been walking
we have not been walking
you have not been walking
they have not been walking
?
Have I been walking?
Have you been walking?
Has he/she/it been walking?
Have we been walking?
Have you been walking?
Have they been walking?
The Past Perfect
Voorbeeld :
I had opened the door before I entered the room.
Vergelijking Nederlands :
Ik had geopend.
Gebruik :
-
Iets was in het verleden bezig en toen gebeurde iets anders. Wat het eerst gebeurde zet je in
de Past Perfect (had + voltooid deelwoord) en wat daarna gebeurde in de Past Simple.
I had opened the door before I entered the room.
Vorm :
+
enkelv. I
you
he/she/it
meerv. we
you
they
I had walked
you had walked
he/she/it had walked
we had walked
you had walked
they had walked
I had not walked
you had not walked
he/she/it had not walked
we had not walked
you had not walked
they had not walked
?
Had I walked?
Had you walked?
Had he/she/it walked?
Had we walked?
Had you walked?
Had they walked?
 Had + voltooid deelwoord
 Voltooid deelwoord regelmatige werkwoorden : hele werkwoord + ED
 Voltooid deelwoord onregelmatige werkwoorden : eigen vorm : 3e kolom
The Past Perfect Continuous
Voorbeeld :
I had been cleaning my room for hours when Mum came home.
Vergelijking Nederlands :
Ik was aan het schoonmaken geweest.
Gebruik :
-
Iets was in het verleden gebeurd toen er iets anders gebeurde. Je benadrukt de duur.
I had been cleaning my room for hours when Mum came home.
Vorm :
enkelv. I
you
he/she/it
meerv. we
you
they
+
I had been walking
you had been walking
he/she/it had been walking
we had been walking
you had been walking
they had been walking
 HAD + BEEN + INGvorm
I had not been walking
you had not been walking
he/she/it had not been walking
we had not been walking
you had not been walking
they had not been walking
?
Had I been walking?
Had you been walking?
Had he/she/it been walking?
Had we been walking?
Had you been walking?
Had they been walking?
The Future Simple
Voorbeeld :
I will / shall work.
Vergelijking Nederlands :
Ik zal werken.
Gebruik :
-
Je zegt dat iets in de toekomst (waarschijnlijk) zal gebeuren.
Vorm :
enkelv. I
you
he/she/it
meerv. we
you
they
+
I will/shall walk
you will walk
he/she/it will walk
we will/shall walk
you will walk
they will walk
I will not / shall not walk
you will not walk
he/she/it will not walk
we will not / shall not walk
you will not walk
they will not walk
?
Shall I walk?
Will you walk?
Will he/she/it walk?
Shall we walk?
Will you walk?
Will they walk?
 Shall kan je enkel gebruiken bij ‘I’ en ‘we’.
 Bij de ontkenningen kun je ook de kortere vormen gebruiken : won’t of shan’t.
The Future Continuous
Voorbeeld :
I will be working tomorrow afternoon.
Vergelijking Nederlands :
Ik zal aan het werk zijn.
Gebruik :
-
Je zegt dat in de toekomst iets een tijdje zal duren.
I will be working tomorrow afternoon.
Vorm :
enkelv. I
you
he/she/it
meerv. we
you
they
+
I will be walking
you will be walking
he/she/it will be walking
we will be walking
you will be walking
they will be walking
 WILL + BE + INGvorm
I will not be walking
you will not be walking
he/she/it will not be walking
we will not be walking
you will not be walking
they will not be walking
?
Will I be walking?
Will you be walking?
Will he/she/it be walking?
Will we be walking?
Will you be walking?
Will they be walking?
The Future Perfect Continuous
Voorbeeld :
I will have been working for hours.
Vergelijking Nederlands :
Ik zal aan het werk geweest zijn.
Gebruik :
-
Je beschrijft een gebeurtenis in de toekomst die bezig zal zijn en je benadrukt hierbij de duur.
I will have been working for hours.
Vorm :
+
I
I will have been walking
you
You will have been walking
he/she/it he/she/it will have been walking
we
we will have been walking
you
You will have been walking
they
they will have been walking
I will not have been walking
you will not have been walking
he/she/it will not have been walking
we will not have been walking
you will not have been walking
they will not have been walking
 WILL + HAVE BEEN + INGvorm
?
Will I have been walking?
Will you have been walking?
Will he/she/it have been walking?
Will we have been walking?
Will you have been walking?
Will they have been walking?